What is the DL/T 645 Power Protocol

DL/T 645 Power Protocol: The cornerstone of communication for energy meters in the Industrial Internet of Things
In the vast field of IIoT, the intelligentization and networking of power systems are important directions that cannot be ignored. DL/T 645 power protocol, as a key communication standard in China's power industry, is specifically used for data exchange between electric energy meters and data acquisition systems, providing solid technical support for remote monitoring, automated management, and intelligent decision-making in power systems. This article will provide a professional explanation for those who need to do networking applications from the background, structure, function, application, and technical advantages of the DL/T 645 protocol.

1. Background and significance of DL/T 645 protocol

The DL/T 645 protocol, also known as the "Multi-function Watt-hour Meter Communication Protocol," is a national standard issued by the China Electricity Council (CEC). The protocol aims to unify and standardize the data exchange methods between electric energy meters and data terminal devices, including physical connections and communication protocols, to improve the accuracy and reliability of power data collection and promote the construction and development of smart grids.

With the rapid development of smart grid, real-time collection, remote monitoring and intelligent management of power data have become important requirements for the power industry. The DL/T 645 protocol has become an indispensable part of the smart meter system with its efficient and reliable data communication capabilities. It not only supports data reading, parameter setting, data freezing, event recording and other functions, but also has good compatibility and scalability, which can adapt to different manufacturers and different types of electric energy meters, providing strong support for the integration and intelligence of the power system.

2. Structure and Function of DL/T 645 Protocol

2.1   Structure of the Agreement

The DL/T 645 protocol defines the detailed format of data frames, including frame header, address field, control code, data field, and check code. Each part has its specific function and format requirements to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data transmission. Specifically:

● Frame header: It marks the start of a data frame, typically by using a specific starting character.
● Address field: used to specify the destination address of the data frame, usually the unique identification code of the smart meter.
● Control code: indicates the type and operation of the data frame, such as reading data, setting parameters, etc.
● Data field: Contains the actual transmitted data content, such as electric energy meter readings, status information, etc.
● Check code: used to detect whether errors occur in the transmission process of data frames, usually using CRC cyclic redundancy check methods.

2.2 Data transmission mode

The DL/T 645 protocol supports asynchronous serial communication, and usually uses the RS-485 standard serial electrical interface as the physical layer. The interface has multi-point connection capability, which can connect multiple smart meters simultaneously to achieve efficient data collection and transmission. In addition, the DL/T 645 protocol also supports non-contact communication methods such as infrared wireless communication to meet the needs of different scenarios.

Function support
The DL/T 645 protocol supports multiple functions, including but not limited to:

● Data reading: reading real-time data and historical data of electric energy meters.
● Parameter setting: Set the parameters of the electric energy meter, such as rate and time period.
● Data freezing: Freezing the data of the electric energy meter at a specific point in time for subsequent analysis and processing.
● Event recording: recording important events during the operation of the electric energy meter, such as power failure and power loss.
● Remote control: remote control of electric energy meters, such as switching on and off, timing, etc.

3. Application of DL/T 645 Protocol

The DL/T 645 protocol is widely used in residential, industrial, and commercial power consumption in the construction of smart grids. Through this agreement, power companies can achieve remote monitoring and management of smart meters, improve the automation level of the power system, reduce human intervention, and improve the reliability and stability of power supply.

• Data acquisition and monitoring

Power companies can collect data from smart meters in real time through the DL/T 645 protocol, including power, voltage, current, and perform remote monitoring. This helps to discover and solve problems in the power system in a timely manner, and improve the quality of power supply and service level.

• Data analysis and optimization

Through in-depth analysis of the collected data, power companies can understand the operation status and power consumption of the power system, providing strong support for the optimization of the power grid. For example, data analysis can be used to identify peak and low-peak periods of electricity consumption, and then adjust power supply strategies and electricity pricing policies to achieve a balance between power supply and demand and energy conservation and emission reduction.

• Remote maintenance and upgrade

The DL/T 645 protocol also supports remote maintenance and upgrades for smart meters. The power company can use this protocol to perform fault diagnosis, parameter adjustment, and software upgrades on the electricity meter, reducing maintenance costs and improving maintenance efficiency.

4. Technical advantages of DL/T 645 protocol

• Standardization and compatibility

As a national standard, DL/T 645 protocol has wide applicability and compatibility. It supports data exchange and interoperability between different manufacturers and different models of energy meters, providing strong support for the integration of the power system.

• Efficient and reliable

The DL/T 645 protocol adopts efficient data transmission methods and reliable verification mechanisms to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data during transmission. At the same time, the protocol also supports multiple communication methods and rate options to adapt to different scenarios.

• Flexible and scalable

The function code design of the DL/T 645 protocol is flexible and scalable, which can meet the needs of different application scenarios. By adding new function codes or modifying the definition of existing function codes, the functionality of the electric energy meter can be expanded and upgraded.

DL/T 645 power protocol, as the cornerstone of energy meter communication in industrial IoT, plays an important role in the construction of smart grid with its advantages of standardization, efficiency, reliability and flexibility. For people who need to use networking applications, understanding and mastering the DL/T 645 protocol will provide strong support for their intelligent and networked progress in the power system. With the continuous progress of technology and the continuous expansion of applications, the DL/T 645 protocol will continue to play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of the power industry.

PUSR's DL/T 645 Power Protocol IIoT device

Edge computing gateway with BACnet building protocol devices has shown significant advantages in protocol conversion, data collection and processing, security and reliability, intelligent decision-making and optimization, and flexibility and scalability, providing strong technical support and guarantee for the construction of smart cities and building management.

As a standard communication protocol in the field of building automation, BACnet building protocol has significant advantages such as standardization, openness, simplified system design and maintenance, and improved system reliability and flexibility. In the future era of industrial IoT, the BACnet protocol will continue to play an important role in promoting the intelligent and networked development of building automation systems. For people who need to do networking applications, understanding and mastering the BACnet protocol will be a key step in successfully implementing building automation system integration.